How the calculator works
- Your savings rate: what you don’t spend from your take-home pay is invested each month. Count your RRSP contributions as part of your pay, since they’re money you save.
- Your FIRE number: your yearly spending in retirement divided by the withdrawal rate (4% means 25 times your spending).
- Growth: your investments grow at the rate you choose. Everything is in today’s money, so your pay and spending rise with inflation.
Your savings rate sets the timeline
Starting from nothing, with 7% growth, 2% inflation and a 4% withdrawal rate:
| You invest | Years to FIRE |
|---|---|
| 10% | 52 |
| 20% | 37 |
| 30% | 28 |
| 40% | 22 |
| 50% | 16½ |
| 60% | 12 |
| 70% | 9 |
How much you earn doesn’t change these figures. Only the share of your pay you invest does.
Example
At 30, with $50,000 invested, $70,000 of take-home pay and $45,000 of spending a year, you invest 36% of your pay. Your FIRE number is $1,125,000 and you could retire at 52. Cut spending by 10%, and you could retire at 48.
You’d reach Coast FIRE at about 38: after that, your investments could grow to your FIRE number by 65 on their own.
RRSPs, TFSAs and early retirement
Unlike retirement accounts in the US, UK or Australia, an RRSP isn’t locked until a set age, so there are no years to bridge. What matters is tax:
- RRSP withdrawals are taxed as income. Spreading them over the low-income years between retiring and starting CPP and OAS can keep your tax rate down. By the end of the year you turn 71, an RRSP must become a RRIF or an annuity.
- TFSA withdrawals are tax-free and don’t count as income, and the room comes back the next year. That makes a TFSA a flexible home for early-retirement money.
- Workplace pensions and locked-in accounts (LIRAs) have their own rules on when you can take money out.
See what your RRSP alone could grow to with our RRSP calculator, or plan your spending with the budget calculator.